Publications

Diethorn EJ, Gould E (2023) Development of the hippocampal CA2 region and the emergence of social recognition. Developmental Neurobiology. doi: 10.1002/dneu.22919. Epub ahead of print. PDF Download

Cope EC, Wang SH, Waters RC, Gore IR, Vasquez B, Laham BJ, Gould E (2023) Activation of the CA2-ventral CA1 pathway reverses social discrimination dysfunction in Shank3B knockout mice. Nature Communications. 14:1750. PDF Download

Diethorn E, Gould E (2023) Postnatal development of hippocampal CA2 structure and function during the emergence of social recognition of peers. Hippocampus. 33:208-222.  PDF Download

Laham BJ, Murthy SS, Hanani M, Clappier M, Boyer S, Vasquez B, Gould E (2022) The estrous cycle modulates early-life adversity effects on mouse avoidance behavior through progesterone signaling. Nature Communications. 13:7537. PDF Download

Gould E, Waters, RC (2022) Early life adversity and neuropsychiatric diseases: differential outcomes and translational relevance of rodent models. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 55. PDF Download

Waters RC, Worth HC, Vasquez B, Gould E (2022) Inhibition of adult neurogenesis reduces avoidance behavior in male, but not female, mice subjected to early life adversity. Neurobiology of Stress, 17: 100436. PDF Download

Laham BJ, Gould E (2022) How stress influences the dynamic plasticity of the brain’s extracellular matrix. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience15PDF Download

Cope EC, Zych AD, Katchur NJ, Waters RC, Laham BJ, Diethorn EJ, Park CY, Meara WR, Gould E (2022) Atypical perineuronal nets in the CA2 region interfere with social memory in a mouse model of social dysfunction. Molecular Psychiatry. 27(8):3520-3531. PDF Download

Briones BA, Pitcher MN, Fleming WT, Libby A, Diethorn EJ, Haye A E, MacDowell CJ, Zych AD, Waters RC, Buschman TJ, Witten IB, Gould E (2021) Perineuronal nets in the dorsomedial striatum contribute to behavioral dysfunction in mouse models of excessive repetitive behavior. Biological Psychiatry Global Open SciencePDF Download

Laham B, Diethorn E, Gould E (2021) Newborn mice form lasting CA2-dependent memories of their mothers. Cell Reports, 34, 108668. PDF Download

Cope E, Waters R, Diethorn E, Pagliai K, Dias C, Tsuda M, Cameron H, Gould E (2020) Adult-Born Neurons in the Hippocampus Are Essential for Social Memory Maintenance. eNeuro, 7(6), 1-12PDF Download

Briones B, Pisano T, Pitcher M, Haye A, Diethorn E, Engel E, Cameron H, Gould E (2020) Adult-born granule cell mossy fibers preferentially target parvalbumin-positive interneurons surrounded by perineuronal nets. Hippocampus, 2021:1-14. PDF Download

Murthy S, Gould E (2020) How Early Life Adversity Influences Defensive Circuitry. Trends in Neuroscience, 43(4), 200–212. PDF Download

Murthy S, Kane GA, Katchur NJ, Lara Mejia PS, Obiofuma G, Buschman TJ, McEwen BS, Gould E (2019) Perineuronal Nets, Inhibitory Interneurons, and Anxiety-Related Ventral Hippocampal Neuronal Oscillations Are Altered by Early Life Adversity. Biol Psychiatry. Mar 11. pii: S0006-3223(19)30149-0. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.02.021. PMID: 31027646 | PDF Download

Cope EC, Gould E (2019) Adult Neurogenesis and the Extracellular Matrix. Cell Stem Cell. 2;24(5):690-705.
PMID: 31051133 | PDF Download

Cope EC, LaMarca EA, Monari PK, Olson LB, Martinez S, Zych AD, Katchur NJ, Gould E. (2018) Microglia Play an Active Role in Obesity-Associated Cognitive Decline. J. Neuro. 38(41):8889-8904.
PMID: 29908973 PDF Download

Murthy S, Gould E (2018) Early Life Stress in Rodents: Animal Models or Illness or Resilience? Front. Behav. Neuro. 12:157.
PMID: 29908973 PDF Download

Briones BA, Tang VD, Haye AE, Gould E (2018) Response learning stimulates dendritic spine growth on dorsal striatal medium spiny neurons. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 155:50-59.
PMID: 29908973 PDF Download

Brockett AT, Kane GA, Monari PK, Briones BA, Vigneron PA, Barber GA, Bermudez A, Dieffenbach U, Kloth AD, Buschman TJ, Gould E. (2018) Evidence supporting a role for astrocytes in the regulation of cognitive flexibility and neuronal oscillations through the CA2+ binding protein S100β. PLoS One. 13(4): e0195726.
PMID: 29664924PDF Download

Gould E, Galea LAM (2018) Fifty years of stress and more to come: A tribute to Bruce S. McEwen. Front Neuroendocrinol.
PMID: 29574115PDF Download

Cope EC, Gould E (2017) New Evidence Linking Obesity and Food Addiction. Biol Psychiatry. 81:734–736.
PMID: 28391804PDF Download

Opendak M, Gould E, Sullivan R (2017) Early life adversity during the infant sensitive period for attachment: Programming of behavioral neurobiology of threat processing and social behavior. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 25:145–159.
PMID: 28254197PDF Download

Cope EC, Gould E (2017) Adult Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus: A Role in Learning and Memory. In: Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference. 345-358
Please contact the authors for a copy.

Cope EC, Briones BA, Brockett AT, Martinez S, Vigneron PA, Opendak M, Wang SS, Gould E (2016) Immature Neurons and Radial Glia, But Not Astrocytes or Microglia, Are Altered in Adult Cntnap2 and Shank3 Mice, Models of Autism. eNeuro. 3. pii: ENEURO.0196-16.
PMID: 27785461PDF Download

Opendak M, Offit L, Monari P, Schoenfeld TJ, Sonti AN, Cameron HA, Gould E (2016) Lasting Adaptations in Social Behavior Produced by Social Disruption and Inhibition of Adult Neurogenesis. J Neurosci. 36:7027-38.
PMID: 27358459 PDF Download

Opendak M, Briones BA, Gould E (2016) Social behavior, hormones and adult neurogenesis. Front Neuroendocrinol. 41:71-86.
PMID: 26996817 PDF Download

Bocarsly ME, Fasolino M, Kane GA, LaMarca EA, Kirschen GW, Karatsoreos IN, McEwen BS, Gould E (2015) Obesity diminishes synaptic markers, alters microglial morphology, and impairs cognitive function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112:15731-6.
PMID: 26644559 PDF Download

Glasper ER, LaMarca EA, Bocarsly ME, Fasolino M, Opendak M, Gould E (2015) Sexual experience enhances cognitive flexibility and dendritic spine density in the medial prefrontal cortex. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 125:73-9
PMID: 26188276 | PDF Download

Brockett A, LaMarca EA, Gould E (2015) Running enhances cognitive flexibility as well as astrocytic and synaptic markers in the prefrontal cortex. PLOS ONE. 10(5):e0124859
PMID: 25938418 PDF Download

Opendak M, Gould E (2015) Adult neurogenesis: a substrate for experience-dependent change. TICS. 19:151-61
PMID: 25715908 PDF Download

Schoenfeld TJ, Kloth AD, Hsueh B, Runkle MB, Kane GA, Wang SS, Gould E (2014) Gap junctions in the ventral hippocampal-medial prefrontal pathway are involved in anxiety regulation. J Neurosci.34:15679-88
PMID: 25411496PDF Download

Schoenfeld TJ, Gould E (2013) Differential effects of stress and glucocorticoids on adult neurogenesis. Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 15:139-64
PMID: 23670817PDF Download

Cope EC, Gould E. (2013) Cytokines make an indelible impression on neural stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 13(5):507-8.
PMID: 24209754PDF Download

Glasper ER, Gould E. (2013) Sexual experience restores age-related decline in adult neurogenesis and hippocampal function. Hippocampus. 23: 303-312.
PMID: 23460298PDF Download

Schoenfeld TJ, Rada P, Pieruzzini PR, Hsueh B, Gould E. (2013) Physical exercise prevents stress-induced activation of granule neurons and enhances local inhibitory mechanisms in the dentate gyrus. J Neurosci. 33: 7770-7777.
PMID: 23637169PDF Download

Schoenfeld TJ, Gould E. (2012) Stress, stress hormones and adult neurogenesis. Exp Neurol. 233:12-21.
PMID: 21281629PDF Download

Glasper ER, Schoenfeld TJ, Gould E. (2012) Adult neurogenesis: Optimizing hippocampal function to suit the environment. Behav Brain Res. 227:380-383.
PMID: 21624398PDF Download

Leuner B, Caponiti JM, Gould E. (2012) Oxytocin stimulates adult neurogenesis even under conditions of stress and elevated glucocorticoids. Hippocampus. 22: 861-868.
PMID: 21692136PDF Download

Schoenfeld TJ, Gould E. (2012) New neurons retire early. Nature Neurosci. 15: 1611-1612.
PMID: 23187692PDF Download

Opendak M, Gould E. (2011) New neurons maintain efficient stress recovery. Cell Stem Cell. 9(4):287-8.
PMID: 21982225PDF Download

Glasper ER, Kozorovitskiy Y, Pavlic A, Gould E. (2011) Paternal experience suppresses adult neurogenesis without altering hippocampal function in Peromyscus californicus. J Comp Neurol. 519:2271-81.
PMID: 21456007PDF Download

Schoenfeld TJ, Gould E. (2011) Stress and adult neurogenesis. In: The Handbook of Stress. Ed: Conrad CD. Wiley-Blackwell.

Leuner B, Gould E. (2010) Dendritic growth in medial prefrontal cortex and cognitive flexibility are enhanced during the postpartum period. J Neurosci. 30:13499-503.
PMID: 20926675 | PDF Download

Leuner B, Glasper ER, Gould E. (2010) Parenting and plasticity. Trends Neurosci. 33(10):465-73.
PMID: 20832872PDF Download

Leuner B, Glasper ER, Gould E. (2010) Sexual experience promotes adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus despite an initial elevation in stress hormones. PLoS One. 5:e11597.
PMID: 20644737PDF Download

Glasper ER, Llorens-Martin MV, Leuner B, Gould E, Trejo JL. (2010) Blockade of insulin-like growth factor-I has complex effects on structural plasticity in the hippocampus. Hippocampus. 20:706-12.
PMID: 19603528PDF Download

Leuner B, Gould E. (2010) Structural plasticity and hippocampal function. Annu Rev Psychol. 61:111-40.
PMID: 19575621PDF Download

2000-2009

Leuner B, Glasper ER, Gould E. (2009) Thymidine analog methods for studies of adult neurogenesis are not equally sensitive. J Comp Neurol. 517(2):123-33.
PMID: 19731267PDF Download

Glasper, ER, Leuner, B, Gould E. (2008). Adult neurogenesis finds its niche. Nature Neuroscience. 11: 731.
PDF Download

Leuner B, Kozorovitskiy Y, Gross CG, Gould E. (2007) Diminished adult neurogenesis in the marmoset brain precedes old age. PNAS USA 104: 17169-73.
PMID: 17940008PDF Download

Gould E. (2007) How widespread is adult neurogenesis in mammals? Nature Rev Neurosci. 8: 481-8.
PMID: 17514200 | PDF Download | Additional Information

Stranahan AM, Khalil D, Gould E. (2007) Running induces widespread structural alterations in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. Hippocampus 17: 1017-22.
PMID: 17636549PDF Download

Leuner B, Mirescu C, Noiman L, Gould E. (2007) Maternal experience inhibits the production of immature neurons in the hippocampus during the postpartum period through elevations in adrenal steroids. Hippocampus 17: 434-42.
PMID: 17397044PDF Download

Gould E. (2007) Structural Plasticity In: The Hippocampus Book. Ed: Andersen P, Morris J, O’Keefe J. Oxford Univ Press 321-342.

Leuner B, Waddel J, Gould E, Shors TJ. (2006) Temporal discontiguity is neither necessary nor sufficient for learning-induced effects on adult neurogenesis. Journal of Neurosci 27: 13437-42.
PMID: 17192426PDF Download

Mirescu C, Peters JD, Noiman L, Gould E. (2006). Sleep deprivation inhibits adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus by elevating glucocorticoids. PNAS USA 103:19170-5.
PMID: 17135354PDF Download

Kozorovitskiy Y, Hughes M, Lee K, Gould E. (2006) Fatherhood affects dendritic spines and vasopressin V1a receptors in the primate prefrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience. 9:1094-5.
PMID: 16921371PDF Download

Leuner B, Gould E, Shors TJ. (2006) Is there a link between adult neurogenesis and learning? Hippocampus 16:216-24.
PMID: 16421862PDF Download

Stranahan AM, Khalil D, Gould E. (2006) Social isolation delays the positive effects of running on adult neurogenesis. Nature Neuroscience. 9:526-33.
PMID: 16531997PDF Download

Mirescu C, Gould E. (2006) Stress and adult neurogenesis. Hippocampus 16:233-8.
PMID: 16411244PDF Download

Kozorovitskiy Y, Gross CG, Kopil C, Battaglia L, McBreen M, Stranahan AM, Gould E. (2005) Experience induces structural and biochemical changes in the adult primate brain. PNAS USA 102:17478-82.
PMID: 16299105PDF Download

Tanapat P, Hastings NB, Gould E. (2005) Ovarian steroids influence cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of the adult female rat in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 481:252-65.
PMID: 15593136PDF Download

Leuner B, Mendolia-Loffredo S, Kozorovitskiy Y, Samburg D, Gould E, Shors TJ. (2004) Learning enhances the survival of new neurons beyond the time when the hippocampus is required for memory. Journal of Neuroscience. 24:7477-81.
PMID: 15329394PDF Download

Mirescu C, Gould E. (2004) From neurotoxin to neurotrophin. Nature Neuroscience. 7:899-900.
PMID: 15332085PDF Download

Kozorovitskiy Y, Gould E. (2004) Dominance hierarchy influences adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. Journal of Neuroscience 24:6755-9.
PMID: 15282279PDF Download

Mirescu C, Peters JD, Gould E. (2004) Early life experience alters response of adult neurogenesis to stress. Nature Neuroscience. 7:841-6.
PMID: 15273691PDF Download

Gould E. (2004) Stress, deprivation and adult neurogenesis. In: The Cognitive Neurosciences, Ed: M. Gazzaniga, MIT Press.

Kozorovitskiy Y, Gould E. (2003) Stem cell fusion in the brain. Nature Cell Biology. 5:952-4.
PDF Download

Coe CL, Kramer M, Czeh B, Gould E, Reeves AJ, Kirschbaum C, Fuchs E. (2003) Prenatal stress diminishes neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of juvenile rhesus monkeys. Biological Psychiatry 54:1025-34.
PMID: 14625144PDF Download

Hastings NB, Gould E. (2003) Neurons inhibit neurogenesis. Nature Medicine. 9:264-6.

Shors TJ, Townsend DA, Zhao M, Kozorovitskiy Y, Gould E. (2002) Neurogenesis may relate to some but not all types of hippocampal-dependent learning. Hippocampus. 12:578-84.
PMID: 12440573PDF Download

Gould E, Gross CG. (2002) Neurogenesis in adult mammals: some progress and problems. Journal of Neuroscience. 22:619-23.
PMID: 11826089PDF Download

Hastings NB, Seth MI, Tanapat P, Rydel TA, Gould E. (2002) Granule neurons generated during development extend divergent axon collaterals to hippocampal area CA3. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 452:324-33.
PMID: 12355416PDF Download

Gould E, Vail N, Wagers M, Gross CG. (2001) Adult-generated hippocampal and neocortical neurons in macaques have a transient existence. PNAS USA. 98:10910-7.
PMID: 11526209PDF Download

Tanapat P, Hastings NB, Rydel TA, Galea LA, Gould E. (2001) Exposure to fox odor inhibits cell proliferation in the hippocampus of adult rats via an adrenal hormone-dependent mechanism. Journal of Comparative Neurology 437:496-504.
PMID: 11503148PDF Download

Shors TJ, Miesegaes G, Beylin A, Zhao M, Rydel T, Gould E. (2001) Neurogenesis in the adult is involved in the formation of trace memories. Nature 410:372-6.
PMID: 11268214PDF Download

1990-1999

Hastings NB, Gould E. (1999) Rapid extension of axons into the CA3 region by adult-generated granule cells. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 413:146-54.
PMID: 10464376PDF Download

Tanapat P, Hastings NB, Reeves AJ, Gould E. (1999) Estrogen stimulates a transient increase in the number of new neurons in the dentate gyrus of the adult female rat. Journal of Neuroscience. 19:5792-801.
PMID: 10407020PDF Download

Gould E, Reeves AJ, Fallah M, Tanapat P, Gross CG, Fuchs E. (1999) Hippocampal neurogenesis in adult Old World primates. PNAS USA. 96:5263-7.

Gould E, Beylin A, Tanapat P, Reeves A, Shors TJ. (1999) Learning enhances adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal formation. Nature Neuroscience. 2:260-5.
PMID: 10195219PDF Download

Gould E, Tanapat P, Hastings NB, Shors TJ. (1999) Neurogenesis in adulthood: a possible role in learning. Trends in Cognitive Science. 3:186-192.
PMID: 10322475PDF Download

Tanapat P, Galea LA, Gould E. (1998) Stress inhibits the proliferation of granule cell precursors in the developing dentate gyrus. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience. 16:235-9.
PMID: 9785120PDF Download

Gould E, Tanapat P, McEwen BS, Flugge G, Fuchs E. (1998) Proliferation of granule cell precursors in the dentate gyrus of adult monkeys is diminished by stress. PNAS USA. 95:3168-71.
PMID: 9501234PDF Download

Cameron HA, Tanapat P, Gould E. (1998) Adrenal steroids and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation regulate neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult rats through a common pathway. Neuroscience. 82:349-54.
PMID: 9466447PDF Download

Gould E, Tanapat P, Cameron HA. (1997) Adrenal steroids suppress granule cell death in the developing dentate gyrus through an NMDA receptor-dependent mechanism. Brain Research Developmental Brain Research. 103:91-3.
PMID: 9370064PDF Download

Gould E, Tanapat P. (1997) Lesion-induced proliferation of neuronal progenitors in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. Neuroscience. 80:427-36.
PMID: 9284346PDF Download

Gould E, Tanapat P, McEwen BS. (1997) Activation of the type 2 adrenal steroid receptor can rescue granule cells from death during development. Brain Research Developmental Brain Research. 101:265-8.
PMID: 9263599PDF Download

Gould E, McEwen BS, Tanapat P, Galea LA, Fuchs E. (1997) Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult tree shrew is regulated by psychosocial stress and NMDA receptor activation. Journal of Neuroscience. 17:2492-8.
PMID: 9065509PDF Download

Gould E, Cameron HA. (1997) Early NMDA receptor blockade impairs defensive behavior and increases cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of developing rats. Behavioral Neuroscience. 111:49-56.
PMID: 9109623

Cameron HA, Gould E. (1996) Distinct populations of cells in the adult dentate gyrus undergo mitosis or apoptosis in response to adrenalectomy. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 369:56-63.
PMID: 8723702

Gould E, Cameron HA. (1996) Regulation of neuronal birth, migration and death in the rat dentate gyrus. Developmental Neuroscience. 18:22-35.
PMID: 8840084

Cameron HA, McEwen BS, Gould E. (1995) Regulation of adult neurogenesis by excitatory input and NMDA receptor activation in the dentate gyrus. Journal of Neuroscience. 15:4687-92.
PMID: 7790933PDF Download

Cameron HA, Gould E. (1994) Adult neurogenesis is regulated by adrenal steroids in the dentate gyrus. Neuroscience. 61:203-9.
PMID: 7969902PDF Download

Gould E, Cameron HA, McEwen BS. (1994) Blockade of NMDA receptors increases cell death and birth in the developing rat dentate gyrus. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 340:551-65.
PMID: 7911808

Cameron HA, Woolley CS, McEwen BS, Gould E. (1993) Differentiation of newly born neurons and glia in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. Neuroscience. 56:337-44.
PMID: 8247264PDF Download

Cameron HA, Woolley CS, Gould E. (1993) Adrenal steroid receptor immunoreactivity in cells born in the adult rat dentate gyrus. Brain Research. 611:342-6.
PMID: 8392896PDF Download

Gould E, Cameron HA, Daniels DC, Woolley CS, McEwen BS. (1992) Adrenal hormones suppress cell division in the adult rat dentate gyrus. Journal of Neuroscience. 12:3642-50.
PMID: 1527603PDF Download

Watanabe Y, Gould E, McEwen BS. (1992) Stress induces atrophy of apical dendrites of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons. Brain Research. 588:341-5.
PMID: 1393587PDF Download

Gould E, Woolley CS, Cameron HA, Daniels DC, McEwen BS. (1991) Adrenal steroids regulate postnatal development of the rat dentate gyrus: II. Effects of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids on cell birth. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 313:486-93.
PMID: 1770172PDF Download

Gould E, Woolley CS, McEwen BS. (1991) Adrenal steroids regulate postnatal development of the rat dentate gyrus: I. Effects of glucocorticoids on cell death. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 313:479-85.
PMID: 1770171 | PDF Download

Gould E, Woolley CS, McEwen BS. (1991) Naturally occurring cell death in the developing dentate gyrus of the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 304:408-18.
PMID: 2022756

Westlind-Danielsson A, Gould E, McEwen BS. (1991) Thyroid hormone causes sexually distinct neurochemical and morphological alterations in rat septal-diagonal band neurons. Journal of Neurochemistry. 56:119-28.
PMID: 1846170PDF Download

Woolley CS, Gould E, Frankfurt M, McEwen BS. (1990) Naturally occurring fluctuation in dendritic spine density on adult hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Journal of Neuroscience. 10:4035-9.
PMID: 2269895PDF Download

Woolley CS, Gould E, McEwen BS. (1990) Exposure to excess glucocorticoids alters dendritic morphology of adult hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Brain Research. 531(1-2):225-31.
PMID: 1705153PDF Download

Gould E, Allan MD, McEwen BS. (1990) Dendritic spine density of adult hippocampal pyramidal cells is sensitive to thyroid hormone. Brain Research. 525:327-9.
PMID: 2253032PDF Download

Frankfurt M, Gould E, Woolley CS, McEwen BS. (1990) Gonadal steroids modify dendritic spine density in ventromedial hypothalamic neurons: a Golgi study in the adult rat. Neuroendocrinology. 51:530-5.
PMID: 2112730

Gould E, Woolley CS, Frankfurt M, McEwen BS. (1990) Gonadal steroids regulate dendritic spine density in hippocampal pyramidal cells in adulthood. Journal of Neuroscience. 10:1286-91.
PMID: 2329377PDF Download

Gould E, Westlind-Danielsson A, Frankfurt M, McEwen BS. (1990) Sex differences and thyroid hormone sensitivity of hippocampal pyramidal cells. Journal of Neuroscience. 10:996-1003.
PMID: 2319308PDF Download

Gould E, Frankfurt M, Westlind-Danielsson A, McEwen BS. (1990) Developing forebrain astrocytes are sensitive to thyroid hormone. Glia. 3:283-92.
PMID: 2144508

Gould E, Woolley CS, McEwen BS. (1990) Short-term glucocorticoid manipulations affect neuronal morphology and survival in the adult dentate gyrus. Neuroscience. 37:367-75.
PMID: 2133348PDF Download